We’ll cover the truth regarding the dangers of prescription medicines and vaccines.

Barbara Loe Fisher of The National Vaccine Information Center Named “Game Changer of the Year”

Each year during the anniversary week of Mercola.com, we recognize a Game Changer, someone whose work stands as a great service to humanity by making a significant contribution to improving people's health. This year, we present the Game Changer Award to Barbara Loe Fisher, co-founder and president of the National Vaccine Information Center (NVIC), a nonprofit charity that provides information on vaccine safety and efficacy on the internet. NVIC was founded in 1982 by parents of vaccine injured children — Fisher being one of them. Fisher’s oldest son suffered a vaccine injury in 1980 following his fourth DPT shot, leaving him with mild brain damage resulting in learning disabilities and attention deficit disorder. NVIC’s goal is to “[prevent] vaccine injuries and deaths through public education and safety reforms,” Fisher told The New York Times in 2001. Fisher’s two other children received all recommended vaccines with the exception of the whole-cell pertussis that injured her oldest son. “The vaccine-safety and informed-consent movement has never been about telling parents not to vaccinate. We're pro-education and pro-informed consent, not antivaccine. There is a difference. It is immoral to write off an unknown number of children as expendable in the name of the greater good to justify public health policy,” Barbara told The New York Times. This is a stance Fisher and NVIC have maintained ever since its inception, even though critics choose to portray the organization as a source of dangerous antivaccine propaganda.

Will California Governor Newsom Follow Colorado Governor Polis’ Example and Reject Vaccine Mandates That Eliminate Medical Exemptions?

While proponents of Senate Bill (SB) 276 act as if vaccine-inflicted injuries and deaths don’t exist, the big question is whether their fellow lawmakers and Governor will ignore the federal law of the land and growing chorus of informed Democrat voices coming out against the assault on exemptions from mandatory vaccinations that cannot be made safe for all our sons and daughters. Democrat Gov. Jared Polis made national headlines when he took a strong stand for medical freedom and torpedoed legislation in Colorado that mirrors the bills that have been introduced in states like New York, Oregon and California. When asked about vaccination mandates? “You can’t do that at the point of a gun,” Polis told Hill.TV’s Krystal Ball and Buck Sexton during an interview on “Rising.” “When the government tries to force parents to do this, it creates distrust in both vaccinations and distrust in government,” added Polis, whose state has one of the lowest vaccination rates in the country.

Georgia Court of Appeals Blasts Judge in Juvenile Court that Denied Parents Justice Forcing them to Flee the State to Keep Their Children

The Reveal, a weekly news show at Alive 11 news in Atlanta, has published a report about judicial corruption in Georgia's Juvenile Court, highlighting a case where parents were denied their Constitutional rights, forcing them the flee the state to try and prevent the state from kidnapping their children. Judge Tripp Self from the Georgia Court of Appeals wrote in their decision: "We agree with the parents’ view that this ‘case is about much more than its individual facts. It is about the American legal system, about what our state and country require for every person brought before a court: fairness, respect, and a judicial system that should protect its citizens.’" Chief Judge Stephen Dillard went on to call the state’s justification for removing the children, “nonsense on stilts,” citing case law declaring parenting to be “a fiercely guarded right … that should be infringed upon only under the most compelling circumstances.” This story is all too typical of the kinds of stories we have been reporting at Health Impact News for years now, where parents are often denied due process and their Constitutional rights in family courts where decisions are made to remove their children. The judge in the case, County Juvenile Court Judge Joseph Wyant, used the excuse of "imminent danger" to order the removal of the children, even though the children's lives were allegedly not in imminent danger. The parents were denied legal representation and the opportunity to call their own witnesses and to cross examine the Division of Family and Children Services' (DFCS) witnesses. So feeling they had no options left in a corrupt judicial system, the parents packed up their children and fled the state. “I’m sure there are going to be people who are going to be judgmental and be like, 'You were stupid. You put their lives in danger.' Everyone knows in the back of their minds, if you have children, you would probably do the same thing,” said Martha.

Dr. Brownstein: Acetaminophen Should be Minimized or Avoided

Acetaminophen is sold over-the-counter in such products such as Tylenol® and more than 100 other over-the-counter products.  Nearly every American is familiar with acetaminophen as it is recommended in Big Pharma ads to be used for pain and fever.  The ads make it seem like the drug is safe to use. Acetaminophen is not safe. In fact, acetaminophen can be very toxic to the liver, even with low doses.  You see, acetaminophen, once in the body is metabolized in the liver to N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI).  Glutathione, the main detoxifying substance in the liver is utilized to break down NAPQI because NAPQI is toxic to the liver.  The more acetaminophen one takes, the more NAPQI is formed, and the more glutathione is needed to detoxify it. The bottom line:  Avoid taking acetaminophen.  If you have pain and you need to take acetaminophen, use the lowest dose possible for the shortest time period.

No Shots No School Not True! School Districts Lying to Parents by Stating all Students Must be Fully Vaccinated when State Law Provides Exemptions

Health Freedom Idaho is reporting that school districts throughout Idaho are sending threatening letters to parents and falsely claiming that their children must be fully vaccinated or they will not be able to be enrolled in school. Idaho State law actually allows for vaccine exemptions for religious and medical reasons. (Source.) One concerned mom in Idaho writes: "I was registering my son for kindergarten today (his only partial year of public school before he will be homeschooled). I noticed this passage and the way it was worded when I was filling out his registration paperwork. I came with his vaccine exemption form in hand already filled out, which they accepted. I was really bothered by the fact that we have the right to waive vaccines, and yet they write to parents that by law they have to have their vaccinations. This is wrong. They should say something like, 'It is Idaho State Law that you must have complete immunization records or an Idaho School Immunization Exemption Form to register your child for school.' I listened to moms coming in worried that they didn’t have vaccination records and the school never gave them the option to waive. If it is our right to waive, why is this not disclosed as part of proper informed consent?"

Plan for Global Healthcare for All: Cheap Drugs Developed with “Virtual Clinical Trials” Revealed in Letter to Japanese Prime Minister

Here is a frightening letter that was discovered online today. It was addressed to the Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and was sent from the International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations (IFPMA). The letter was signed by the IFPMA Executive Committee which includes the CEOs of the USA’s Eli Lilly ($24 billion in revenue in 2018), Japan’s Daiichi Sankyo ($8 billion in revenue in 2018), Belgium’s UCB ($27 billion in revenue in 2018) and France’s Sanofi ($42 billion in revenue in 2018). The letter was endorsed by the 30 or so IFPMA members that attended the Tokyo meeting with Abe that followed. The representatives (mostly the CEOs) of the global pharmaceutical corporations pictured are listed at the bottom of the letter. One of the alarming goals clearly proposed by the IFPMA and clearly stated in the letter to Prime Minister Abe is to make use of public medical information databases, IoT technology and virtual clinical trials “to reduce drug development time and costs and improve the probability of success”. Big Pharma shows that the future implementation of a plethora of dangerous, poorly evaluated drugs and vaccines that will no longer make use of actual randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, long-term clinical trials – and just use the more efficient, more cost-effective “virtual,” computer-based “studies.” Brave New World.

New York Moves Closer to Becoming Nation’s First Vaccine Police State

The State of New York recently passed legislation removing the religious exemption to mandatory vaccines for children. Attorneys Michael H. Sussman and Robert F. Kennedy have filed a lawsuit to repeal the law, as 26,000 families in New York wait to see if their children can attend school. As of now, the only way to get an exemption to mandatory vaccines is to have a medical doctor write a medical exemption. Last week, the New York Department of Health published "Emergency Regulations" to "Prevent Medical Exemptions." So now, unelected bureaucrats will determine if doctors are qualified or not to write medical exemptions. By having the Department of Health declare an "emergency" and issue an order without passing legislation, the entire democratic process is bypassed, resulting in medical tyranny.

Oregon Mother Jailed for Recommending Non-Chemo Cancer Therapies for Daughter

Christina Dixon of Oregon is the mother of a now 13-year-old daughter with liver cancer. When Christina’s daughter was 11, she was rushed to Oregon Health and Science University due to excruciating pain, which was diagnosed as Undifferentiated Embryonal Sarcoma, a rare kind of liver cancer that happens mainly in children. Many of us know and have seen the effects chemotherapy has on a body, let alone an 11-year-old body. According to oncologists at Oregon Health and Science University, this right is not up to the patient, or even the parent when it come to questioning, which this mother didn’t do or even consider other methods of treatment. It’s apparent this mother was to sit idly by as she watched her daughter agonize for 2 years with no results. Christina started using alternative treatments which include vitamins, herbs and pure CBD oil to treat her daughter’s cancer once she was release from OHSU in June of 2018. Records from Clackamas County juvenile court indicate a dependency petition was filed on March 26, 2019 claiming: “The mother has neglected child’s medical needs, which creates a risk of harm to the child.” Christina and her daughter were located in Las Vegas, Nevada, June 13, 2019, after Nevada police received a tip from the FBI and sheriff’s office that the two were staying in a hotel in Las Vegas. The daughter, now 13, was taken in “protective” custody of Nevada police and later transferred back to Oregon. This past week, Christina was arrested on charges of "first-degree custodial interference and first-degree criminal mistreatment." There is a DHS hearing on August 19, 2019 at the Oregon City Court House at 2 p.m. and supporters are asking the public to show up in support of Christine and Kylee.

Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. Publishes Censored Response to Kennedy Family’s Criticisms on Vaccine Safety Which Exposes Industry Corruption

In early May 2019, Politico Magazine published an article written by three of Robert F. Kennedy, Jr.’s relatives, criticizing his advocacy for safe vaccines. After numerous requests, Politico magazine has refused to publish his response.  So he has published it himself: Three of my Kennedy relatives recently published an article criticizing my advocacy for safe vaccines. I love my family and sympathize with their anxieties when I call out government officials for corruption. The Kennedys have a long, close, and continuing relationship with public health agencies so it is understandably difficult for us to believe that powerful regulators would lie about vaccines. “All issues are simple,” the saw goes, “until you study them.” I’ve arrived at my skepticism after 15 years spent researching and litigating this issue. I have watched financial conflicts and institutional self-interest transform key sectors of our public health bureaucracies into appendages of the very pharmaceutical companies that Congress charged them to regulate. My uncle and my father argued that in a free and open society, the response to difficult questions should never be to shut down debate. What we need is science, not censorship. I am not anti-vax. I am pro-safety and pro-science. I want robust, transparent safety studies and independent regulators. These do not seem like the kind of radical demands that should divide our party or our families. As Americans and Kennedys, we ought to be able to have a civil, science-based debate about these legitimate concerns.

Pedophiles Continue to be Licensed as Foster Parents in the U.S. to Meet the Demand for Child Sex Slaves

It has been well-documented and frequently reported here at Health Impact News that the United States Foster Care system is the nation's #1 pipeline for child sex trafficking. Attorney Michael Dolce from the law-firm Cohen Milstein, who speaks from experience from representing children abused in foster care, wrote an opinion piece published by Newsweek in 2018 stating that the nation’s foster care system is set up to sexually traffic children. Dolce said: "Here’s the ugly truth: most Americans who are victims of sex trafficking come from our nation’s own foster care system. It’s a deeply broken system that leaves thousands vulnerable to pimps as children and grooms them for the illegal sex trade as young adults. We have failed our children by not fixing the systemic failures that have allowed this to happen for decades." In 2018 an independent candidate running for office in Virginia, Nathan Larson, admitted to being a pedophile. He encouraged other pedophiles to use the foster care system to adopt children as "sex toys." A recent State Department report on Human Trafficking confirmed that the United States is the top destination in the world for sex trafficking, and Geoff Rogers, co-founder of the United States Institute Against Human Trafficking, stated: "We have a major issue here in the United States. The United States is the No. 1 consumer of sex worldwide. So we are driving the demand as a society. We’re also driving the demand with our own people, with our own kids. So there are tremendous numbers of kids, a multitude of kids that are being sold as sex slaves today in America. These are American kids, American-born, 50 percent to 60 percent of them coming out of the foster care industry." Here are some recent local news reports of arrests of licensed foster parents accused of sexually abusing children in the past 30 days which is probably only a fraction of the actual number of foster parents sexually trafficking children, and shows that this problem is only getting worse, not better.

A Warning that Cannot be Ignored: Psychiatric Drugs Create Violence

The spate of recent mass shootings has prompted the mental health watchdog, Citizens Commission on Human Rights International (CCHR) to reiterate the urgent need for State and a Federal government investigation into the irrefutable link between psychotropic drugs and violence. The group is making its report, “Psychiatric Drugs Create Violence and Suicide,” available to legislators which cites 16 studies that show psychotropic drugs create homicidal and suicidal reactions. CCHR has documented at least 78 acts of senseless violence committed over several decades by those taking or withdrawing from psychiatric drugs, leaving a wake of 464 deaths and 926 wounded. The report cites 27 drug regulatory agency warnings that indicate psychotropic drug adverse effects that include mania, psychosis, hostility, aggression or homicidal ideation and nearly 50 warn of self-harm or suicide/suicidal ideation.

What Happened to the California Medical Board’s Concerns About SB 276 and Restricting Doctors Who Write Exemptions for Vaccines? Who Changed Their Minds?

During their quarterly meeting on August 8, 2019, The California Medical Board (CMB) surprisingly, or maybe not so surprisingly, voted to support SB276, Senator Richard Pan’s medical exemption bill that places narrow restrictions on doctors’ abilities to write vaccine exemptions for school aged children. SB276 is not about vaccines, it is a bill regarding the exemption process required to fulfill California’s school vaccine mandate. The bill, in an unprecedented way, hands over the jurisdiction of reviewing and revoking the medical opinions of physicians from the CMB to the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) and California Department of Health and Human Services (CHHS). In May, when the Board previously voted to “Support SB276 in Concept” - the concept being that physicians writing fraudulent medical exemptions should be investigated - CMB Members raised a number of concerns on the bill. These concerns were not addressed by the most recent amendments to SB276, nor were they brought up for discussion at yesterday’s board meeting. So it is surprising that the CMB changed their position to Support SB276. What (or who) made them change their positions?

NY Lawsuit to Repeal Denial of Religious Exemptions to Vaccines Starts – 26,000 Families Wait to See if Children Can Start School

n July 10, attorneys Sussman and Kennedy filed a lawsuit in New York State (NYS) Supreme Court challenging the constitutionality of the legislature’s repeal of the religious exemption to vaccination. Suing on behalf of 55 NYS families who held lawful religious exemptions, Sussman and Kennedy requested that the court enjoin the repeal temporarily, preliminarily and permanently. The Honorable Denise Hartman, Supreme Court judge, will hear oral argument Wednesday, August 14th. With school only three weeks away, plaintiffs present their case that on June 13, 2019, NYS halted more than fifty years of lawful religious exemptions from vaccination for those with genuine and sincerely-held religious beliefs. The law, which became effective immediately, threw more than 26,000 NYS families into chaos, barring their children from school and daycare.

Idaho Mom Arrested Second Time as Attempts to Silence Her Fail – Meanwhile 16-Year-Old Son Suffers in Foster Care

Kristine McCreery has spent the entirety of 2019 fighting Idaho Child Protective Services for her 16-year-old son, Brandon, over allegations of medical abuse/neglect because of health issues potentially caused by an untreated Celiac condition. Canyon County Prosecutor Shari Dodge had Kristine arrested Saturday, August 10th, 2019, on felony Injury to Child charges. It was the second time she was arrested on the same charges, as she had posted bond back in June already. Kristine reports that even the police officers were confused as to why they had just arrested her a second time on the same charge, and they let her go without having to post bond a second time. Kristine has also now been charged with contempt of court for going public with her story. In reality, she is being held in contempt because MedicalKidnap.com and Fight for Lilly are refusing to remove Dr. Amy Barton’s picture and the St. Luke’s CARES video from the original article. According to court documents, Judge Courtnie Tucker also filed a written order, dated July 24th, 2019, demanding that the photo and video be removed from the article. As we mentioned in previous articles regarding this family, neither the website MedicalKidnap.com that contains the photo of Dr. Barton, nor the YouTube account through fight4lilly.org that hosts the CARES video, are within Kristine’s control.  MedicalKidnap.com and Fight4Lilly.org have their own policies regarding the removal of such things from their websites, and choose to stand upon the rights granted under the First Amendment of Freedom of the Press. Canyon County Prosecutor Shari Dodge and Judge Courtnie Tucker are publicly funded officials, and the St. Luke’s CARES institution that employs Dr. Amy Barton is a federally funded program - all subject to public scrutiny because they receive public funds. Kristine says that since she went public, those involved in the case have lost focus of the real issue at hand, the health of sixteen year old Brandon: “They seem to care more about publicity than my son or his well-being.” Kristine says Brandon continues to lose weight in foster care, and that his medical needs are not being met by the department. She is greatly concerned about the malabsorption caused by Celiac and a possible lactose intolerance. 

Texas Judge Chastises CPS but 4-Year-Old Boy Still Not Returned to Family

On Friday, August 9, a status hearing was held in the Pardo case where the court considered what action steps would have to be taken before Drake could be sent home. Judge Tracy Gray, the same judge who signed the original emergency removal order on June 20, presided over the case. The tone of the hearing was strikingly different than the post-removal July 2 hearing presided over by Judge Michael Chitty, which Senator Bob Hall described as an “egregious injustice.” Judge Tracy Gray chastised CPS for the ridiculous list of requests included in their report to the court. Judge Gray threw out every item challenged by the family’s attorneys, ordered CPS to “expedite” their efforts to place Drake with family or friends, and to start allowing the family to bring a third party witness to visits with Drake, something CPS has prohibited thus far. While the hearing was a great success for the family, there is still a long way to go. Judge Gray clearly appeared frustrated by CPS’ brazenly unconstitutional requests (like a court-ordered admission of guilt). This offers a ray of hope that CPS may not be able to continue getting away with their illegal actions.

Oregon Pediatrician Responds to Critics – Explains How Much Money Pediatricians Make on Vaccines

Let us set the record straight. I am not anti-vaccine. I am absolutely pro-science and vaccine risk aware. One huge misconception, and I see the comments on this, is that pediatricians don't make money on vaccines or that they are not financially incentivized to vaccinate. There are profits from vaccine mark-ups and huge profits from vaccine administration fees. The average admin fee is about $35 per vaccine. For the 715 patients born into my practice who have refused to give any vaccines (each child would have had 28 vaccines by age 2 and over 60 vaccines in their childhood) amounting to income of $700,000 for the 2 years and $1.5 million over their childhood. Those are real dollars lost for Integrative Pediatrics. The money lost when considering that we serve over 15,000 patients, with most being selective about how they vaccinate would have driven most practices out of business. There are also built in incentives in many contracts with health plans. Vaccines are a quality measure (if your practice does not reach a bench mark in numbers vaccinated) you loose a % on all services provided to patients under that insurance contract. Is it any wonder most of my peers discharge patients from their practices who won't follow the CDC schedule? Often these patients are told to call Dr. Thomas (Integrative Pediatrics). Let us be clear. It is not a good business decision to allow families not to vaccinate or to permit selective vaccination. We at Integrative Pediatrics honor the law in Oregon that allows informed consent. Parents are still permitted in Oregon to make health care decisions for their children. Those who discharge these families deny them their legal right. They also profit greatly by limiting the numbers of non-vaccinating families or partially vaccinating families.

Vaccines are Religion, not Science

We hear all the time that “the science is clear: vaccines save lives.” But where is that science? If it exists, then why can nobody show it? Vaccines are a religion and vaccinations are a (barbaric) religious ritual. That means that any kind of mandatory vaccination law is unconstitutional. Some people might still play semantics and say that a belief system is not the same as a religion. But let’s look at the vaccine religion. – You are expected to go to preparation classes (prenatal check-ups) – You are expected to give birth in the temple (=hospital). – As soon as the baby is born you are confronted with the temple servants (doctors/nurses/midwives) who want to submit your baby to the standard ritual (two injections) – If you decline they usually will try to convince or coerce you – At set times after birth you need to bring your baby to another temple (doctor’s practice) for more rituals – If you don’t want to submit your baby to the rituals you can expect extremely negative reactions, which can become aggression and end up with you not being welcome in the temple anymore – If you lose the faith (or never join in the first place) you can expect social exclusion and often serious family trouble. Some grandparents even consider “saving their grandchildren” by bringing them to the temple themselves, without the parents permission. Vaccinations have almost every characteristic of a religion, so the desperate argument that a belief system doesn’t equal a religion doesn’t hold up.

Arizona Dad Fighting for His Two Sons Sues Mormon Business Leader and Alleged Child Sex Abusers for $200 Million

Neal Sutz, an Arizona father who left the U.S. to try and protect his sons whom he claims were in danger of being sexually abused by his former Mormon in-laws, has filed a $200 million defamation lawsuit in Arizona against his former brother-in-law Damian Creamer, whom Sutz claims is "one of the richest, most politically influential men in the state of Arizona." The lawsuit names other defendants among Sutz's former in-laws that he claims slandered him, resulting in the loss of custody of his two sons just after they fled the U.S. and arrived in Switzerland, where Neal Sutz holds a dual citizenship due to his family being from Switzerland. His two special needs sons have been in captivity for over 2 years in Switzerland group homes, and Sutz claims that their health and well-being are deteriorating quickly, and he fears that without U.S. intervention for these American citizens suffering in Switzerland, his sons may not survive much longer. According to the lawsuit, filed with the Superior Court of Arizona in Maricopa County, Neal Sutz found out that his former wife, Cortnie Helen Creamer Sutz, along with "her numerous siblings," were sexually abused as a children "for decades" by Damian Parnell Creamer and others, whom Sutz attempted to have reported to authorities for their alleged crimes against minors. It was Sutz's insistence to his wife that they turn in the members of her family committing sexual crimes against children to the authorities that Sutz claims resulted in the beginning of her family defaming his character and ruining his reputation. Neal Sutz writes: "Damian Creamer controls the political landscape in Arizona by circumventing campaign financing laws and making contributions through family members and friends. He owns property in Paradise Valley, along with other family members, and their neighbors include such notable public figures such as Governor Ducey, and Backpage founders Michael Lacey and Jim Larkin. Before they were shut down, Backpage was reportedly running up to 75% of the U.S. sex trafficking through its website. Given Damian's past actions to try to silence me and destroy my reputation to hide his family secrets of child sex abuse, using the massive resources he has through his businesses, I think a federal investigation is warranted. Who knows, maybe even the current federal investigation into Jeffrey Epstein will reveal associations to pedophile networks in Arizona as well."

Florida Wants to Become the Most Restrictive State in the U.S. for Mandatory Vaccines

There is a new dangerous threat to vaccine exemptions in Florida. SB 64 was filed by Senator Lauren Book on 8/2/2019. SB 64 would eliminate the religious exemption to vaccines required for public and private school children. It would also add a new section of law requiring the Board of Medicine and the Board of Osteopathic Medicine to jointly create a medical exemption review panel that shall review all medical exemptions. If passed, the new law would become effective on July 1, 2020. We have seen what happens to families in California and New York where religious exemptions have been removed and medical exemptions are reviewed and restricted. SB 64 is a dangerous bill that needs to be stopped early so Florida doesn’t become like California or New York. The 2020 legislative session in Florida convenes on 1/14/2020, however bills are filed in advance (session dates). It is very important that families who support the religious and medical exemptions get out ahead of Senator Book’s effort and talk to their legislators and like-minded families to get involved now! Those who are currently in office during this interim period will be the same legislators who will vote on this bill this spring as statewide legislative offices are not on the ballot this fall.

New Proposed Federal Law Would Make it Easier to Medically Kidnap Children by Doctors

It is not just fractures parents may have to try and explain to avoid a life sentence of being accused of child abuse, or Shaken Baby Syndrome, if one Child Abuse Specialist gets her way in new proposed federal legislation. According to Dr. Lynn Sheets, Medical Director of child advocacy and protective services at Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, a bruise is a “sentinel injury.” Dr. Sheets claims: “One of the things we realized is if you just call it a bruise, everyone has bruises. Everyone thinks about it as a minor injury including the doctors, including child welfare. So we needed to change the way people are thinking about these minor injuries in young infants. They’re sentinel injuries." Dr. Sheets believes these “sentinel injuries” are common in abused children. She has now gone so far as to propose legislation in the U.S. Senate, S.B. 1009, which has been sponsored by Wisconsin Senator Tammy Baldwin. This bill, if passed, is a recipe for disaster, fueled by money, and will likely result in countless more false allegations of child abuse. This means more CPS involvement in families, which will take more of their time that they could be using to investigate real abuse and neglect, tearing innocent families apart based on flawed studies, misleading information in medical reports, and biased opinions which are already why so many children are being medically kidnapped.